Lecture Summary and Readings
ECE/CS 439 Wireless Netwokrs (Spring 2008)
Unless otherwise specified, chapter/section numbers below refer to that from the course notes distributed by the instructor. Readings listed below in the entry for a lecture may actually correspond to multiple lectures in the vicinity of that lecture. Not all topics listed for reading may be covered in class. Some readings may be assigned ahead of the corresponding lectures.

The recommended readings listed below are suggested readings to help improve understanding of the material covered in the class. However, the recommended readings are not mandatory. Unless specifically identified as recommended, all other readings are required, and material in the required readings is included for the mid-terms and final examination.

1. 1/15/08 : Course handout distributed. Introduction to the course. Physical layer overview.
   Required Reading:
   • Chapter 1 (Introduction) from course notes
   • Chapter 2 (Brief Overview of Seletced Physical Layer Concepts) from course notes
   Recommended Reading:
   • Chapter 1 of the book Wireless Communications by Andrea Goldsmith
   
   
2. 1/17/08 : Physical layer overview (bandwidth, noise and interference, AWGN, antennas, channel gain, path gain, path loss models, modulation/demodulation)
   
   
3. 1/22/08 : Assignments 0 and 1 assigned. Project schedule discussed.
   Demodulation and bit error probability. SNR and SINR. Capacity of AWGN channels. Transmission range and notion of a link. Distributed versus centralized scheduling. Operating points. Rate region. Time-sharing. Convex hull. Utility.
   Required Reading:
   • Chapter 3 (Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks) from course notes
   
   
4. 1/24/08 : Uplink and downlink scenarios. Rate regions with time-sharing, power-sharing, bandwidth-sharing, and successive interference cancellation. Conflict models. SINR-threshold model. Conflic graph. Maximal schedule.
   
   
5. 1/29/08: (Revised version of Sections 3.5 and 3.6 from course notes distributed in class.) Scheduling heavily backlogged flows. Max-sum-rate scheduler. Scheduling flows within rate region. Throughput optimal (TO) scheduler. Proof of stability of TO-scheduler for the special case of fixed traffic rates and time-invariant channel conditions. Imperfect scheduler. Maximal scheduler. Centralized greedy maximal (CGM) scheduler.
   Required Reading:
   • Revised version of sections 3.5 and 3.6 from the course notes (dated January 29, 2008)
   
   
6. 1/31/08 : Assignment 2 assigned. Centralized greedy optimal scheduler analysis. Chapter 4 started. Basic protocol. Slotted access. Impact of propagation delay and clock skey on slot size. Carrier sensing. Carrier sense threshold. Hidden terminals. Exposed terminals. Simulateneous transmissions. Concurrent transmissions.
   Required Reading:
   • Chapter 4 (Distributed Medium Access Control in Wireless Networks) from the course notes
   
   
7. 2/5/08 : Reliability using acknowldgements. RTS-CTS handshake. Solutions for hidden terminals: busy-tone mechanism, virtual carrier sensing.
   
   
8. 2/7/08 : Assignment 3 posted. Slot size with physical carrier sensing. Transmission opportunity, and valid transmission opportunity. p-persistence. Contention window and backoff intervals. Exponential backoff. IEEE 802.11 DCF. DIFS and SIFS. Priority differentiation (LIFS versus DIFS, different backoff intervals for high and low priority packets).
   Required Reading:
   • Sections 5.1 through 5.2.1 of course notes
   Recommended Reading:
   • If you do not find the description of IEEE 802.11 DCF in Chapter 4 of the course notes sufficiently clear, it is recommended that you read additional material from other sources. You may be able to find many tutorials on IEEE 802.11 by searching the internet. A recommended reference is the paper IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, particularly the section on Distributed Coordination Function (you may also want to read the earlier portions of the paper for clarity).
   • Section 9.2 of the IEEE 802.11 specification (1999) provides a discussion of the DCF mechanism.
   
   
9. 2/12/08 : Throughput differentiation. Network utility. Difficulties in achieving fairness. Rate control. Implicit feedback. Explicit feedback. Power control.
   Required Reading:
   • Sections 5.2.2 through 5.7 of course notes
   Recommended Reading:
   • R. Yates, A Framework for Uplink Power Control in Cellular Radio Systems, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., 13(7):1341-1348, September 1995 (another link for the paper)
   
   
10. 2/14/08: Assignment 4 posted. Distributed power control for feasible flows. Power control with interference margin dissemination. Impact of directional antennas on MAC. Routing in mobile environments. Motivation for Mobile IP. Routing in multi-hop networks, focussing on (mobile ad hoc networks) MANET. Next-hop table-based routing. Source routing. Proactive and reactive routing. Link state routing. Hazy-sighted link state dissemination.
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 6.1 through 6.2.1 of course notes
    
    
11. 2/19/08: Optimizations for link state routing. Hazy-sighted link state (HSLS) dissemination. Uncoordinated and coordinated selective forwarding. Distance vector routing. Counting-to-infinity problem.
    Required Reading:
    • Section 6.2.2 (see the REVISED VERSION) through page 137 (including discussion of counting-to-infinity problem).
    
    
12. 2/21/08: Distance vector routing using tags. Reactive protocols. Centralized and distributed link lists. Dynamic source routing (DSR) and dynamic next-hop routing (DNHR). Route discovery using RREQ. Route reply. Reverse pointers. Route error. Link failure detection. Impact of unidirectional links on route discovery. (some slides from this set used for discussion of routing)
    Required Reading:
    • (only material covered through the 2/20/08 is included for Mid-term I) Chapter 6 through Section 6.5 of course notes.
    
    
13. 2/26/08: Mid-Term Test 1 on February 26, 2008 (in class). See course home page for more information.
    
    
14. 2/28/08: Tags in DNHR. Unidirectional links. Optimizations for reactive routing. Reducing scope of route discovery. Expanding ring search. Location-aided routing. Opportunistically learning route information. Route replies from intermediate nodes. Multiple route request forwarding, and multiple route replies.
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 6.5 through 6.10 of course notes (note that Chapter 6 was distributed in class in 3 parts) .
    
    
15. 3/4/08: Opportunistic routing. Network coding. Hybrid routing. Mobile IP.
    
    
16. 3/6/08: IP and MAC Address assignment. TCP overview.
    Required Reading:
    • Pages 174-184 and Section 7.3 from Chapter 7 of course notes.
    Recommended Reading:
    • Review TCP from any suitable book, in case you do not recall TCP from prior coursework on networking. The slides from the TCP-over-wireless tutorial also provide a brief overview.
    
    
17. 3/11/08: TCP overview completed. Impact of transmission errors on TCP performance. Techniques to improve TCP performance. Link layer recovery. Local recovery. Split connection approach.
    Required Reading:
    • Chapter 8 (TCP over Wireless) of course notes.
    
    
18. 3/13/08: TCP-Aware link layer. Impact of long outage times. TCP over multi-hop wireless routes. Transport capacity of wireless networks.
    Required Reading:
    • Revised version (dated March 25, 2008) of Chapter 9 (Transport Capacity of Arbitrary Wireless Networks)
    
    
19. 3/25/08: Capacity of arbitrary wireless networks. Energy efficient MAC (power-save in IEEE 802.11, STEM mechanism).
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 1 and 2 of STEM: Topology Management for Energy Efficient Sensor Networks, by Schurgers, Tsiatsis and Srivastava
    • IEEE 802.11 DCF power save mechanism: Sections I and II of An energy efficient MAC protocol for wireless LANs by Jung and Vaidya.
    
    
20. 3/27/08: Energy efficient medium access (power save mechanisms). Directed diffusion (slides available over the internet)
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 1, 2, and 3 of Directed diffusion: A scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks (another link for the paper), C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan and D. Estrin, ACM MobiCom 2000, Boston.
    
    
21. 4/1/08: Routing on a curve. Cellular networks: Cell planning, handoff, channel management (some slides available over the internet)
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 1, 2 and 3 of "Routing on a Curve" paper
    • First TWO pages (numbered 10 and 11) and Figure 2 of the paper "Channel Assignment Schemes for Cellular Mobile Telecommunication Systems: A Comprehensive Survey"
    
    
22. 4/3/08: Capacity of random networks. Informal argument for upper bound on capacity of random networks. Impact of channelization.
    Required Reading:
    • Course notes Sections 9.3 through 9.7, with the EXCEPTION of section 9.4.2
    
    
23. 4/8/08: Mid-term test II (in class). See course home page for more information.
    
    
24. 4/10/08: Lecture cancelled
    
    
25. 4/15/08: Capacity with multiple channels. Multi-channel wireless networks. (some slides from this set were used in this class)
    Required Reading:
    • Sections I, III, IV of Net-X: System eXtensions for Supporting Multiple Channels, Multiple Interfaces, and Other Interface Capabilities, Pradeep Kyasanur, Chandrakanth Chereddi, and Nitin H. Vaidya , Technical Report, August 2006
    
    
26. 4/17/08: Impact of infrastructure and mobility on capacity. Misbehavior in wireless networks (slides from a tutorial used for some of the discussion today)
    Required Reading:
    • Sections 3.2 of the paper "802.11 denial-of-Service Attacks: Real Vulnerabilities and Practical Solutions", John Bellardo and Stefan Savage, Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium, Washington D.C., August 2003.
    • Sections 1 and 3 of the paper "Detection and Handling of MAC Layer Misbehavior in Wireless Networks"
    
    
27. 4/22/08: Misbehavior in wireless networks.
    
    
28. 4/24/08: Guest lecturer: Prof. Yih-Chun Hu : Secure routing in ad hoc networks. From this lecture, the material covered on SEAD and the related required is required for the final exam. Slides used by Professor Hu: Set 1, Set 2
    Required Reading:
    • From top of second page of the paper through section 5.2 of the following paper ---- SEAD: Secure Efficient Distance Vector Routing for Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Yih-Chun Hu, David B. Johnson, and Adrian Perrig, Fourth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA'02)
    
    
29. 4/29/08: Standards activities. Course review. New material covered in this class is not included for the final exam.
    
    
30. 4/30/08: Review session (make-up for lecture on 4/10/08): 1304 Siebel Center, 4:00-5:15 p.m., 4/30/08 (Wednesday)